The dynamics of political instability in Iraq after 2003 at the national and international levels

After the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001, the Cold War regimes in North Africa and Middle East had to be changed. Firstly, international pressures then national motives have influenced this change. However, due to this changes, these states in the region started to be destabilized. Republic of Iraq was one of these states. Regarding that, the aim of this thesis is to search and examine national and international reasons of instability of Iraq after 2003. In addition, it is another aim of the thesis to develop suggestions by evaluating the effects of this instability phenomenon in and around Iraq. In order to begin to examine the national causes of instability, first the definition of the concept of political instability was given and the concept was discussed in a theoretical framework. Political instability indicators and factors causing political instability were examined. The existence of these instability factors in Iraq was questioned in the period before and after the 2003 invasion of Iraq by the USA. Accordingly, the establishment of the Iraqi state in 1921 after the British occupation, which was one of the turning points in the modern history of Iraq, was taken as the starting point and the political and social structure of Iraq until today was examined. Thus, the historical and social foundations of the elements of instability that are still effective in Iraq today have been shed light on. The Republic of Iraq is important because it is the first regional state to be dragged into instability with the invasion of the USA in 2003 in the Middle East, which has become the center of conflict and social chaos in the 21st century, following the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001. The political instability in Iraq continues today and is still a run-on issue. At the same time, the Republic of Iraq is also then neighbor of the Republic of Turkey. As a result of this geographical proximity between the two states, the academic analysis of the causes of instability in Iraq increases the importance of the study, as the instability in Iraq may also affect Turkey. As a result of the study, it was found that the competition between global and regional powers is one of the most important reasons that dragged Iraq into instability and because of this instability; it has been found that it affects the regional states closely. Political and constitutional state structure after the 2003 furthermore, the dvided structure of Iraqi societly and sectarian divisions among them are the base of this instability. The effects of this segregation in society can still be seen quite clearly today.