Evaluation of the effects of 3.5 GHz radiofrequency radiation and resveratrol on liver oxidative stress parameters

In this thesis study, the oxidative stress level induced by 3.5 GHz radiofrequency (RF) radiation—commonly used in next-generation communication technologies—on the liver tissue of rats was evaluated, and the potential protective role of resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound, was investigated. A total of 28 adult male Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups and exposed to RF radiation and/or administered resveratrol for 2 hours per day over a period of 30 days. At the end of the experiment, serum ALT and AST levels and liver tissue levels of GSH, MDA, TAS, and TOS were measured using the ELISA method. In the RF group, significant increases in ALT, MDA, and TOS levels were observed, along with significant decreases in GSH and TAS levels. The group treated with resveratrol in combination with RF showed improvements in most of these parameters. Histopathological analysis revealed dilated sinusoids, hypertrophic Kupffer cells, and intensely eosinophilic hepatocytes in the RF group; these alterations were ameliorated in the RF+RES group. SAR analysis performed using CST Studio Suite software indicated that the whole-body SAR value for 3.5 GHz RF exposure was 0.006879 W/kg, and the SAR value specific to liver tissue was 0.000598 W/kg. These findings suggest that RF exposure, even at low SAR levels, can adversely affect liver function through oxidative stress, and that resveratrol may possess significant hepatoprotective potential against these effects. Key words: 3.5 GHz, Liver, Oxidative Stress, Radiofrequency Radiation, Resveratrol