Political violence as a political and social concept in 1970s and 1990s of Turkey

Violence is one of most searched subjects in the political science literature. Political violence, which is used to explain political events and phenomenons, is the reflection of dialectic relationship that is created between politics and violence. In this study, within the frame of political violence theories, events of 1970s and 1990s in Turkey are discussed. It is seen that many kind of events happened when having a look at 1970s and 1990s.Important part of violence events, which happened in two periods, resulted from political reasons. In this respect, the study problematizes relationship between political violence and life. 1970s and 1990s of Turkey are the periods when political life rised the prominence the most with violence events in republic history. These events that was occured in these years have differences and similarities. The first similarity is the governance of country with coalition rules in both of historical periods. The fact that coalitions show a unsteady political structing created an important role in increasing the effect of social violence events. Another similarity between these periods is that important legal changes were made and legal supports were created in struggling with violence in 1970s and 1990s. It is also seen that social groupings increased. Alienation between social groups causes the rise of violence events. Alienations occured because of religious,ethnical and cultural identities in 1990s while individuals were marginalized due to their ideological preferences in 1970s. The biggest difference between violence events that happened in 1970s and 19990s is way of the violence. Violence is expressed with the concept ''terror'' in 1990s while it is conceptualized with ''anarchy'' in 1970s. Another difference between two historical periods is the sources of violence. Violence takes a shape on the basis of groups between right and left ideologies in 1970s while it tends towards different cultural,ethnic and belief identities in 1990s. In brief, 1970s and 1990s of Turkey are the periods when violence and politics are associated with each other dialecticall although it includes distinctnisses historically. The study is comprised of three main parts based on this view. In the first part of the study, the concept of political violence has been discussed within the frame of certain theoreticians. These ones are respectively Carl Schmitt, Walter Benjamin, Hannah Arendt, Louis Althusser and Giorgio Agamben. In the second and third parts of the study, 1970s and 1990s of Turkey are handled by being classified. In conclusion, it is claimed that ''political violence'' is the most explanatory concept to evaluate the political events of 1970s and 1990s of Turkey.