The effects of Sideritis phrygia extract on cisplatin toxicity in A549 cells

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in both men and women worldwide. Despite numerous clinical studies in recent years, no significant improvement has been achieved in lung cancer. Cisplatin, a chemotherapeutic agent, has an inhibitory effect on cancer cells and destroys healthy cells as well. Studies are carried out to increase the anticancer effect and reduce the side effects by using phytotherapy compounds together with chemotherapeutic drugs. Medicinal plants are important not only as therapeutic agents, but also for pharmacological research and drug development. In the presented study, the plant endemic Sideritis phrygia is its effects on lung cancer. Thus, the efficacy of Cisplatin used as a chemotherapeutic agent in non-small cell lung cancer (A549) cells, which is a lung cancer cell line, and the possible protective efficacy of Sideritis phrygia aqueous extract were tried to be determined. The anticarcinogenic efficacy of Sideritis phrygia extract in the A549 cell line was investigated by the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity parameters. Cell viability was determined using the MTT method in order to determine the most effective dose of Sideritis phrygia extracts on the A549 cell line. Non-cytotoxic doses (up to 100 µg / mL) of Sideritis Phrygia extracts were found on the A549 cell line, and then genotoxicity analyzes were started. In this thesis study, it was observed that Sideritis phrygia extracts (10 µg / mL and 1 µg / mL) did not cause any genotoxic damage. A genotoxic damage occurred in the cisplatin applied groups, and our study has shown that it can eliminate the survival of cancer cells. It has been observed that 100 µg / mL and 10 µg / mL applications of Sideritis phrygia extracts for the purpose of preventing toxicity caused by cisplatin are effective. In appropriate dose choices, cisplatin supports the idea that it has a protective effect as a supplement to preventive treatments aimed at reducing genotoxicity in both lung and other tissues. When the micronucleus frequencies were examined, the differences between the groups were not found to be statistically significant.