Acil durumlara hazırlık için lojistik depo yeri optimizasyonu: Beşiktaş ilçesi örneği

Like many natural disasters, earthquakes occur unexpectedly and have major and devastating effects on human life. For this reason, it is of great importance to raise public awareness, take structural precautions and make emergency plans in earthquake risk areas. Turkey has 3 main fault lines covering many major cities and is among the countries with high earthquake risk. Among these fault lines, the North Anatolian Fault is known as the fastest and most active dextral fault line in the world. This fault line will greatly affect the Marmara Region, the most populous region of Turkey, and Istanbul, the most populous city, in a possible earthquake. Disaster management and emergency planning are as important as personal precautions to be taken before an earthquake. One of the important issues in disaster management is that post-disaster aid equipment is at the right points where people can reach it in a short time. In this study, the problem of locating depots containing materials that may be needed after the disaster in Beşiktaş district in case of any earthquake that may occur in the Marmara region is discussed. Two different binary integer programming (BIP) models have been proposed to minimize the demand-weighted distance in solving the problem. In mathematical models, it is decided whether depots that can meet the needs of the neighborhoods in Beşiktaş district will be opened in possible depot locations on the main arteries in the shortest distance. In the first model, it is assumed that the capacities of the depots can meet the needs in the districts. In the second model, the capacity of the depots was added to the mathematical model and the decision whether to open the depots was examined. The proposed mathematical models were applied to the Beşiktaş district earthquake storage problem.