Evaluation of blood transfusion in the emergency department and affecting factors of the complications

This study was designed prospectively to investigate the demographic data of the patients which had blood and blood products in Dicle University Medicine Faculty Research Hospital Emergency Service between 01 November 2014- 01 November 2015, also to investigate the endications for blood products used, the amount and the type of the products used and to document the reactions. The patients who had blood product transfusion were 623; 53.8 % were male and 46.2% were female. Mean age of the patients were determined 47.87±23.66. The percentage of transfused blood products were as following: 83.6 % erythrocyte suspension (ES), 17.3 % fresh frozen plasma(FFP), 17.3 % platelet suspension(PS),0.6 % whole blood(WB), % 4.3 other blood components(OBC). Within the all 623 transfused patients, only in 48 patients complication which were related transfusion had observed, in 575 patients the complication which were related transfusion had not observed. The immune complicatins were observed in 53 patients, non-immune complications were observed in 13 patients. The immunological complications; The number of patient with hemolysis was 1 (% 2.1), while the number of patients who developed fever reactions after transfusions were 21 (% 43.8). In the emergency service the number of the patients who had observed allergic reaction after transfusion 17 (% 35.4 ), while the number of patients who had developed anaphylaxis reactions were 10 (% 20.8 ). After transfusion the patienst who were observed sign of the sepsis were 3 (6.3 ), the number of the patients who were developed sign of the lung injury was 1 (% 2.1) . Non immunological complications ;while the number of patients were developed overload were 3 (% 6.3 ), the number of the patiens were developed hypotension at the post-transfusion were 3 % ( 6.3 ). The metabolic copmlications after transfusion done in the emergency servisce had observed in 3 (% 6.3). Dilution detected in 3 (%6.3 ), the hypothermia was developed in 3 ( 6.3 ). The embolism which are non-immune complication were not observed. By the light of all our findings we can easily say that lots of transfusion performed in emergency department, transfusion protocols usually is not followed and most of the transfusion is performed in order to support outpatient clinic. Emergency transfusion decision should be performed with true emergency indication, follow-up with clinical response rather than laboratory response and consciousness about the aim of transfusion. Key Words: emergency services, blood transfusion, complication