Determination of properties, antimicrobial effects and use of sage (Salvia officinalis) and cranberry (Cornus mas) plants in production of silver nanoparticle by green synthesis

The use of nanotechnology in a wide variety of fields such as food, electronics, medicine, textiles has started to increase in recent years. In particular, research is being carried out on the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) obtained through green synthesis in the processing and preservation of foods, packaging materials and biosensor production. Within the scope of this project, the properties and antimicrobial activity of AgNP's obtained by green synthesis from sage and cranberries were investigated. Using pure water from sage and cranberries, two different temperatures were prepared at room temperature and 60°C, and AgNPs were obtained as a result of the reaction with AgNO₃. Antimicrobial analysis was performed by determining the characterization of the obtained AgNPs. It was determined that the AgNPs obtained from sage at room temperature (20°C) contained 360 nm of spectrophotometer result 360 nm, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) result 53.77 nm and spherical form of 83.91% Ag as a result of X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), C=C, C=O, C-N, C-O and C-O-C groups played a role in reduction as a result of Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) and crystal size was 37.15 nm in X-ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis. AgNPs obtained at 60°C were found to contain 360 nm in spectrophotometer result, 57.08 nm in SEM result and 84.38% Ag as a spherical EDX result, C-O, C=C and C=O groups played a role in reduction as a result of FTIR and the crystal size was 34.81 nm in XRD analysis. It was determined that AgNPs obtained from cranberries at room temperature (20°C) contained 500 nm in spectrophotometer result, 50.86 nm in SEM result and 82.82% Ag as a spherical form, C=O and C-O groups played a role in reduction as a result of FTIR and the crystal size was 38.81 nm in XRD analysis.AgNPs obtained at 60°C were found to contain 500 nm in spectrophotometer result, 61.17 nm in SEM result and 83.64% Ag as a spherical EDX result, C=O and C=C groups played a role in reduction as a result of FTIR and the crystal size was 37.88 nm in XRD analysis. The antimicrobial activities of the obtained AgNPs on Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhi and Escherichia coli O157:H7 were examined. AgNPs obtained from sage at two temperatures were found to be ineffective on L. monocytogenes and E. coli O157:H7, while AgNPs at a concentration of 25 mg/mL on S. aureus and S. Typhi formed a zone of 7 mm. It was observed that AgNPs obtained from cranberries at room temperature did not act on E. coli O157:H7, while AgNPs at a concentration of 25 mg/mL formed 9, 9, 7 mm zones on L. monocytogenes, S. aureus and S. Typhi, respectively. It was seen that the AgNPs obtained from cranberries at 60°C were not effective as L. monocytogenes, S. Typhi and E. coli O157:H7, and that the AgNPs obtained in the two constructions formed 9 mm zones on and on S. aureus respectively, and there was no statistical difference between the results.