Middle East policy of Turkey during Adnan Menderes Era (1950-1960)

Adnan Menderes has adopted the policy of developing good relations with the Middle East countries as a priority. With the increasing threat of Soviet Communism after the Second World War, Menderes had to follow a foreign policy in the Western orbit, primarily the United States of America (USA), in order to be a leader in the region and to benefit from American aid as much as possible. Turkey's North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) membership has been a turning point. In this direction, Turkey both became a member of the Baghdad Pact formed by the United Kingdom and the United States in the region, and also carried out studies on the participation of Arab countries in the region. However, the expected interest from Arab countries was not seen. Contrary to what he expected, Turkey's pro-Western policy in the Middle East caused depression from time to time rather than improving its relations with Arab countries. The primary reason for this situation is that Turkey is a Muslim country that has recognized Israel, while at the same time acting on a common ground with the imperial powers has led to the opening of the gap between the countries of the region and Turkey. During the Menderes Government, important events such as the 1955 Baghdad Pact, 1956 Suez Crisis, 1957 Syrian Crisis, 1958 Iraq Coup, 1957 Eisenhower Doctrine, 1957-1958 Lebanon-Jordan events took place in Turkey's foreign policy in particular for the Middle East region.