Flow resin production and its economy by tree species

Natural resin, with its ecological and economic value, is developing as a product whose importance is increasing day by day. Due to the need for resin and its derivatives, which is a naturally occurring secretion in trees, it is needed to increase production by revitalizing domestic resources in our country. With this study, it was aimed to evaluate the efficiency and economy of natural resin obtained from different tree species and to produce useful information for producers in this regard. For this purpose, firstly, information on the definition and importance of resin, areas of use, production techniques, economic importance, quality classes and trade are given. Then, in the light of the data obtained as a result of the field study, the efficiency and economy of the flow resin produced from Pinus nigra, Pinus pinea and Pinus brutia were evaluated. In this study, 3 different sites, one for each tree species were taken from the forest areas located in Balıkesir Regional Directorate of Forestry, Edremit Forest Enterprise. Acid Paste method was used to obtain resin. The study was started on May 3, 2021, first of all, the bark of the tree was peeled and the process called trunk reddening was performed. From the 41st day onwards, by going to the field at 15-day intervals, a 5 cm high and 30 cm wide wound was opened on the trees from the bottom up, and acid paste was applied to the opened wound. With the polyethylene bag placed just below the wound, the resin flowing from the wound was collected. Attention was paid to the fact that the selected sites for the study were in the south-facing direction and should not be more than 30% inclined. In order to increase the resin yield, trees with a beast height of 1.30 m and a diameter of at least 26 cm were preferred based on the literature. Data obtained as a result of the fieldwork were analyzed in the SPSS v. 22.0® program, for this purpose descriptive statistics were calculated and correlation analysis and variance analysis were performed. According to the results, flow resin was produced in the range of 968 - 1452 gr (average 1,285 gr) in P. nigra, 998 – 1,331 gr (average 1,168 gr) in P. pinea, and 859 – 1,296 gr (average 1,040 gr) in P. brutia per tree. The result of the statistical analysis of the data showed that there was a weak and positive relationship between the amount of flow resin per tree and the diameter at breast height in P. nigra and P. brutia, and moderate and positive correlation in P. pinea. As a result of the one-way analysis of variance, it was observed that there was a statistically significant difference between the amount of flow resin produced per tree according to tree species. The multiple comparisons showed that, the highest yield resin yield of the species was determined by P. nigra, while the lowest was P. brutia. The result of the cost-income analyzes made for economic evaluations indicated that, the resin product valuee per tree for P. nigra, P. pinea and P. brutia were found to be 29.58, 26.86 and 23.92 TL, respectively, according to 2021 prices, while the production cost per tree was calculated same as 22,22 TL for all tree species. According to these results, it was understood that resin production was not economical under the conditions of the research. However, if the resin market unit prices and production costs change, this result may also change.