The colonizing policy of tsarit Russia on Volga Kalmuks in the light of Akak Dokuments (Akti, Sobranniye Kavkazskoyu Arheografiçeskoyu Kommissiyeyu) (1800-1812)

From the 16th century onwards, one of the foreign policy issues of Tsarist Russia was the observance of the southern borders and the inclusion of local peoples in the central Russian legal system. The relations between Tsarist Russia and Kalmyk tribes, who moved from Dzungaria in 1630 to Western Siberia and then to the lower regions of Idil (Volga), also played an important role in the success of this policy. For this reason, the Kalmyks had an important place in Russia's southern policy and in resolving the colonization policies of Kabardino, Nogai, Kazakh and other local peoples in the region. This situation was strengthened in the 17th century by the Kalmyks voluntary devotion to Russia and the fact that the Kalmyks assumed the duty of guard against Russia's external enemies and continued as an ethno-political entity in the form of a feudal khanate with an almost autonomous unit status in the region. In the 18th century, in connection with the intensification of Russian colonization in the lower regions of Idil (Volga), the Kalmyks were gradually included in the common regional administrative system of Russia as of the 19th century. Here, in the light of this thesis and AKAK, (Aktı, Sobrannie Kavkazkoyu Arheografiçeskoyu Kommissieyu) Documents, In the first quarter of the 19th century, the connection of the Kalmyks to Russia under the governor of Astrakhan, their inclusion in the Russian legal system through the Foreign Affairs Collegium, the administrative reforms made on them and the political, socio-economic and demographic policies of the Tsarist Russia in the region were examined. Keywords: Tsarist Russia, Kalmyks, Colonization, Reforms