Investigation of stabilization of accumulator production plants treatment sludge via solidification with cement

The protection of environment and public health from hazardous constituents has been amajor concern of industrialized nations such as USA and some EC countries. By this purpose,various technologies have been developed which support to render a waste non-toxic or toreduce the potential for the release of toxic species into the environment. These technologiesof waste disposal are limited by the type of wastes, cost and valid legislation. Usingcementations binders, solidification/stabilization (S/S) technology example has beendesignated the best demonstrated available technology for radioactive and hazardous wastessince decades. In recent, EC 1999 Landfill Directive has brought some quite strict limitationsfor some wastes containing potential toxic compounds as well as hazardous industrial wastes,and got forced the applications of S/S technology. Unfortunately our country?s relatedhazardous waste legislation valid since 1995 does never cover S/S technology. After 2005year amendment, this situation has been corrected. Therefore many possibly harmful wastesare overlooked and are dumped into landfills or leaved onto fields casually.Experience from laboratory efforts has shown that S/S processes are much more viable forinorganic wastes than the organic wastes. Interfering effects in setting and chemical stabilityare often cited as evidences of cement based S/S not being adequate in treating some of theorganic wastes. The two principal constituents of most commercial fixing agents arecementations materials (Portland cements, fly ash, lime) and sodium silicate, but acombination of cement and soluble silicates has been found to be the best binder in thesolidification of a largely inorganic residue with trace concentrations of organic contaminant.On the other hand, in order to get compatibility with the waste components giving difficultysuch as heavy metals, many blends of different types of materials with cement have beingtested getting success.The objectives of present research are to investigate application of hazardous waste kinds thatrecycling of theirs is difficult and not feasible always, to save resources, environment andpublic health and, to establish an infrastructure for following researches.Solidification/stabilization possibility of treatment plant sludges from an accumulators factorywas studied essentially for different three types of cements. For that purpose, solidifiedmaterial compressive strength and leachability (TCLP) tests were realized.The highest strength values were obtained incase 52.5 grade cement type. As expected, aremarkable weakness was subjected while increasing waste ratio.The results for Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu and Ni metals from TCLP analysis showed that heavy metalsbegin passing into eluate phase after 10% waste ratio.Keywords: Solidification, stabilization, hazardous waste, hazardous waste treatment, cement,chemical sludges, heavy metal, lead, compressive strength test, leaching test, TCLPxi