Evaluation of the effectiveness of laboratory parameters in determining disease prognosis in cases diagnosis of acute pancreatitis

AIM: The aim of this study was to predict the severity of acute pancreatitis with non-invasive parameters such as SII, PLR, NLR, RDW, BUN/ALB ratio, Monocyte/HDL ratio, CRP/ALB ratio and to reduce morbidity and mortality by making appropriate treatment arrangements and to contribute to the literature with the data obtained from the study. METHOD: The study is a retrospective study. The study was designed as a descriptive study in the Department of Gastroenterology of Süleyman Demirel University Hospital. Acute pancreatitis (AP) cases (except for patients with malignancy, rheumatological diseases, and chronic infections) over the age of 18 were included in the study. Data of patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis were collected from the patient files of Süleyman Demirel University Automation System, and socio-demographic information as well as patients' personal history, concomitant internal diseases, complaints at presentation, vital findings at presentation, biochemical values, and computed tomography findings taken at presentation and during follow-up were evaluated. As a result of the study, it was aimed to provide baseline data to investigate the factors affecting prognosis in the acute pancreatitis patient group. Cases between 01.01.2018 and 01.12.2023 were included in the study. SPSS 26 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) package program was used for all statistical analyzes. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of AP cases in our study was 64.7 ± 18 years. 77 (50.3%) of the cases were male and 76 (49.7%) were female. Mild acute pancreatitis was observed in 105 (68.6%) and severe acute pancreatitis in 48 (31.4%) cases. 24 (15.7%) of the cases had Balthazar Score (0-1), 96 (62.7%) had Balthazar Score (2-3), 28 (18.3%) had Balthazar Score (4-6), 5 (3.3%) had Balthazar Score (7-10). 56 (36.6%) of the patients were hospitalized for 7-10 days, 51 (33.3%) for more than 10 days, and 43 (28.1%) for 4-6 days. Thirteen (8.5%) of the cases had intensive care hospitalization. 8 (5.2%) of the cases died. SII level (p=0.001) and CRP/ALB level (p=0.009) in AP cases were significantly higher in patients with longer hospitalization than in patients with shorter hospitalization. The duration of hospitalization was significantly longer and ICU admission was significantly higher in patients with severe AP compared to patients with mild AP and in patients with high Balthazar scoring (p<0.001). BUN/ALB level was significantly higher in patients with ICU hospitalization than in patients without ICU hospitalization (p=0.012). BUN/ALB levels (p=0.032) and CRP/ALB levels (p=0.040) were significantly higher in patients who resulted in exitus during follow-up than in survivors. Patients with severe AP were significantly more mortal than those with mild AP (p<0.001). Balthazar Scoring was significantly higher in those who died compared to survivors (p<0.001). Patients with longer hospitalization (p=0.005) and patients hospitalized in ICU Conclusıon: The study is a retrospective study. It was designed as a descriptive study in the Department of Gastroenterology, Suleyman Demirel University Hospital. Patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis (AP) over the age of 18 years (excluding those diagnosed with malignancy) were included in the study. Data on patients with acute pancreatitis were collected from the Suleyman Demirel University Automation System and patient files. In addition to socio-demographic information, patients' background information, concomitant internal diseases, complaints at presentation, vital signs and biochemical values at presentation, computed tomography findings at presentation and follow-up, length of hospitalization and mortality were evaluated. As a result of the study, it was aimed to provide baseline data to investigate the factors affecting prognosis in patients with acute pancreatitis. Patients between 01.01.2018 and 01.12.2023 were included in the study. SPSS 26 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) package program was used for all statistical analyses. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.