Retrospektif evaluation of fluid electrolyte imbalances in patients followed up with the diagnosis of acute cerebrovascular disease

Stroke is defined as a clinical condition that causes sudden onset of focal or global cerebral dysfunction that has no apparent cause other than a vascular cause and lasting for 24 hours or longer, or causes death. Electrolyte disturbances can have adverse effects on the outcome of the acute phase of stroke. Regarding this, early detection and treatment of electrolyte disturbance is considered extremely important. The aim of our study is to examine the relationship between stroke subtypes and electrolyte imbalance. 128 patients who applied to Bursa Uludag University Medical Faculty Emergency Medicine Department between 1.03.2017-1.03.2022 with diagnosis of acute cerebrovascular disease were included in our study. Demographic characteristics of patients, hospital admission times, radiological imaging, sodium, potassium, chlorine, glucose, urea, creatinine, hemogram, comorbidities, vital signs (fever, pulse, blood pressure values, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate and GCS value) and their clinical course were analyzed retrospectively. In our study, 11 (57.9%) of the hyponatremic patients were in the ischemic group and 8 (42.1%) were in the hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease group, and there was no statistically significant difference when the mean sodium values were compared in both patient groups. Three (75%) of the hypokalemic patients were in the ischemic group and one (25%) was in the hemorrhagic group. When the mean potassium values were compared in both patient groups, no statistically significant difference was found. In hypochloremia group, 5 patients (62.5%) were in the ischemic group and 3 (37.5%) were in the hemorrhagic group, and there was no statistically significant difference when the mean chloride values were compared in both patient groups. In conclusion, due to our study, electrolyte imbalances did not yield significant results in hemorrhagic type and ischemic type cerebrovascular diseases and this is similar with most studies in the literature.