The effect of different calcium silicate based materials used in the repair of furcation perforation in lower molar teeth on tooth staining: İn-vitro study

The aim of this study is to compare the effect of 4 types of calcium silicate-based materials used in perforation repair on tooth color change in order to determine the most suitable material for use in aesthetically important areas. In our study, 85 two-rooted lower molars extracted for various reasons were used. Care was taken to ensure that there was no restoration or decay in the teeth and that the roots were separated. The roots of the teeth were removed with a fissure bur, 2 mm below the furcation area. Then, the endodontic access cavities of the teeth were opened with the help of a diamond rond and fissure bur. Dentin thickness on the buccal surface was standardized to 2.5-3 mm using a digital caliper. A perforation was created in the furcation region of each sample with a 1.4 mm diameter diamond round bur. In our study, the control group was set to n=5 and the experimental groups were n=20 (4 groups). Biodentine, Bio-C Repair, EndoCem MTA Premixed and NeoPutty were applied to the teeth in the 1st group, 2nd group, 3rd group and 4th group, respectively. No repair material was applied to the samples in the control group. Teeth in all groups were embedded in silicone impression material and stored in an incubator at 37°C in a 100% humid environment for 6 months to follow the coloration. Color measurements were made with a spectrophotometer using the CIE L*a*b* system, at a total of 5 different time periods: the first measurement at the beginning of the experiment, the 1st week, the 1st month, the 3rd month and the 6th month. ΔE and ΔL values were compared using One Way Anova test, Tukey tests and Repeated Anova test. At the 3rd and 6th months, ΔE values of Groups 3 and 4 were found to be significantly higher (p<0.005) than Groups 1 and 5. There was no statistical difference in ΔE values between groups at other time intervals. There was no statistically significant difference in ΔL values between groups at all time intervals (p> 0.05). There was no statistical difference in terms of ΔE values at the 3rd and 6th months, independent of the groups, but there was a statistical difference at other time intervals (p> 0.05). There was no statistical difference in terms of ΔL values independent of the groups at the 1st and 3rd months, but there was a difference at other time intervals (p> 0.05). The effect of Biodentine on color change was found to be significantly lower than Endocem MTA Premixed and NeoPutty, and did not differ when compared to Bio-C Repair.