The effect of nomophobia levels of operating room staff on teamwork, awareness and distraction

The aim of this study is to adapt the Distraction Due to Mobile Phone Use in the Operating Room Scale into Turkish and to examine the effect of nomophobia levels of operating room staff on teamwork, awareness and distraction. The research consists of two stages, methodological and cross-sectional type. In the methodological research, language validity was ensured by using the translation-back translation method of the Distraction Due to Mobile Phone Use in the Operating Room Scale, for which the necessary permissions were obtained. Content validity was applied with the Davis technique by taking expert opinion. After the expert opinion, a pilot application was made and the scale was finalised. Data were collected online between 18 December 2023 and 31 March 2024. The study was conducted with 85 operating room staff who were older than 18 years, volunteered to participate in the study, and had been working for more than 1 year. Sociodemographic and Occupational Characteristics form and Distraction Due to Mobile Phone Use Scale were used for data collection. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and item-total score correlation were calculated for reliability analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied for construct validity. Ethics committee and written permission from the employees were obtained. It was determined that the Distraction Due to Mobile Phone Use in the Operating Room Scale was linguistically appropriate. The content validity index of the scale was found to be 0.938. The Cronbah alpha value of the scale was 0.825 and the item-total score correlation was between 0.218-0.745. According to the confirmatory factor analysis, χ2/SD ratio was 2.526, GFI 0.902, CFI 0.932, SRMR 0.080, and RMSEA 0.078, indicating that the fit indices were 'excellent' and 'good'. Two possible questions were included in the scale. It was determined that the Distraction Due to Mobile Phone Use in the Operating Room Scale was adaptable to the Turkish language and was a reliable and valid measurement tool. Between 1 April and 1 November 2024, 167 operating room employees who were over 18 years of age, volunteered to participate in the cross-sectional study, and had been working for more than 1 year were included in the cross-sectional research phase. Sociodemographic and occupational characteristics form, Leiden Operating Theatre And İntensive Care Safety Scale - Teamwork And Awareness Subscale, Nomophobia Scale and Distraction Due to Mobile Phone Use in the Operating Room Scale were used to collect the data. The mean age of the operating theatre staff who participated in the study was 28.4±4.9 years and 53.5% of them were operating theatre nurses. The mean nomophobia scale score of the operating room staff was 81.1±25.6. It was determined that 29.3% of the employees had mild nomophobia, 44.9% had moderate nomophobia, and 25.7% had severe nomophobia. The mean scores of the Leiden operating theatre and intensive care safety scale-teamwork and awareness subscale were 34.0±5.0. The mean score of the distraction scale due to mobile phone use in the operating theatre was 44.8±6.6. Nomophobia level predicted teamwork and awareness (p<0.05). One unit increase in the nomophobia rate of an operating theatre employee with moderate nomophobia compared to an operating theatre employee with mild nomophobia causes an increase of 1.829 in teamwork and awareness scores. One unit increase in the nomophobia rate of an operating theatre employee with severe nomophobia causes an increase of 2,261 in teamwork and awareness scores. Occupation and nomophobia level predicted mobile phone-related distraction (p<0.05). Being an operating theatre worker in the nursing profession causes a decrease of 5.037 in the distraction scores due to mobile phones in the operating theatre. While a mild level of nomophobia does not predict mobile phone-related distraction, having moderate nomophobia causes an increase of 1.941 in mobile phone-related distraction scores. Having severe nomophobia causes an increase of 4,410 in mobile phone distraction scores. It was confirmed that the Distraction Due to Mobile Phone Use in the Operating Room Scale was a valid and reliable tool. It was concluded that teamwork and awareness and distraction increased in those with moderate and severe nomophobia level compared to mild nomophobia level. Keywords: Operating Room, Mobile Phone, Nomophobia, Distraction, Awareness, Nursing, Validity, Reliability