Anne sosyalizasyonu ile çocuğun mizaç özelliklerinin çocuğun duygu düzenleme becerilerine olan etkisi

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of maternal socializationand temperament on preschool children?s emotion regulation. The participants included145 4-6 year-old Turkish preschool children, their mothers and day-care teachers. Thechildren were recruited from childcare centers serving middle- and upper-middle-classfamilies in Istanbul. Multiple methods were used to evaluate different aspects ofemotion regulation: The Emotion Regulation Checklist was completed by the child'smother and teacher. Emotion regulation was also assessed individually with a delay ofgratification task, which evaluated children's coping with negative emotions whilewaiting for a desired object. Mother's parenting practices and emotion socializationbehaviors were measured with the Child Rearing Questionnaire and the Coping withNegative Emotion Scale, respectively. Temperamental characteristics of children wereassessed by the Short Temperament Scale for Children completed by mothers. Toevaluate different aspects of parenting, links between parents? specific emotionsocialization behaviors and parenting practices were examined. MANOVA was used toassess sex differences in emotion regulation, temperament and parenting. Hierarchicalregression analysis was conducted to examine the predictive power of maternalsocialization, temperament, and parenting-temperament interactions on emotionregulation, and this analysis showed that emotion regulation was significantly predictedby maternal responsiveness and child reactivity. The interaction of responsiveness andapproach also significantly predicted emotion regulation. Accordingly, highapproaching children whose mothers used medium levels of responsiveness showed thehighest levels of emotion regulation. The delay of gratification ability was significantlypredicted only by child?s temperamental characteristics (i.e., approach and persistence).An important implication of the study was that, although responsiveness is an importantpositive socialization practice in emotion regulation, higher levels of responsivenessmay not be beneficial for low approaching children, since it may have similar aspectswith overprotectiveness. Another finding that deserves attention is about the relationsbetween emotion regulation and delay of gratification. Results of the present studysuggested that emotion regulation and delay of gratification may have different features,and delay of gratification task provides information about children?s behavioralregulation rather than emotion regulation.Keywords: Emotion Regulation, Maternal Socialization, Temperament