The influence of Arabic dialects on the syntactic variations in the Quranic reading

The Arabian Peninsula was divided into tribes with multiple dialects according to the multiplicity of tribes. The Quran came down defying the Arabs in their language, and it was normal to address them with their accents; so were the Quranic readings taken into consideration these differences in dialects. Thefeore, this thesis addresses both the placements of syntactical differences in all Quranic readings - frequent and odd- which originated from the different dialects and the impact of these differences on the meaning of the verse. The applied aspect presents the differences among the dialects, the difference of the grammarians in dialects, evidence on these differences from the Quranic readings, the readings that were mentioned in the verse and the syntactic expressions in it, and show how the difference of syntactic expressions affected the meaning of the verse. It has been shown from this research that the difference between the Basra and Kufa schools is mainly attributed to the variations in dialects. The study confirmed the role of Quranic readings in the maintenance of dialects; all readings-frequent and odd- are considered the most important sources of dialects. In addition, the study investigated the aspects of dialectal variations in syntactic expressions contained in the Quranic readings and divided it into two sections, dialects of the pronunciation and dialects in structures. Noteworthy, the study revealed that the lack of interest of grammarians to study the dialects was the main reason to reject some readings and even rebel against some readings. Finally, the study explained how the reading syntactic difference leads to variations in both syntactic expressions and the meaning of the Quranic readings. Keywords: Arabic Dialects, Syntactic Variations, Quranic Reading, the Difference of Verse Meaning.