Aristotle and Fârâbî free will

The concept of liberty (freedom), does not express a common definition which is accepted by everybody. A common cognitive definition of liberty cannot be done due to its meeting an emotional life state. This ?state of life? can reveal itself with its components ; ?selection? and ?action?. However, all people comprehend liberty not in ?selection? but in ?action? since, the moment a human being?s freedom is taken away, human being has experienced inconvenience resulting from having no liberty and has an awareness of its importance. Nevertheless, the situation that is being mentioned should not be misunderstood as ?selection? is an ignorable phase. Not only ?selection? but also ? action? composes two different lexical phases of liberty. Freedom of choice; expresses preference. Preference is a state of choice substantiating with free will. However, free will is more comprehensive rather than preference. Because, while voluntary actions are for children and animals, preference is exclusive to thinking people. Therefore, human being who has free will can choose and can have freedom of choice. Also, human being chooses by thinking the things he has over. According to Aristotle and Farabi, free will is evaluated firstly based on theological and then on humane. Evaluation of the subject on teological plane by the philosophers necessitates them to analyze metaphysics. Knowledge of metaphysics is the most superior knowledge. Because metaphysics is about the God,principle of absolute being. In this regard, free will should be evaluated on lunar base in the name of deity. Then, it should be evaluated on hierarchic plane epistemologically and ontologically in the name of lunar beings which are lower than God. But, free will cannot be mentioned for neither God nor the each of lunar beings. In this sense, ?absolute Determinism? is seen on the lunar based action. When it is evaluated on behalf of sub-lunar universe, there is a hierarchic array amongst the sub lunar beings, as well. In this array, human beings are in the top due to their thinking capacity, and then animals, plants and non-living things can be seen in an order. As a result, free will is evaluated for this sublunar beings. However, ?moderate determinism? is seen in sublunar world not a ?strict determinism? as on the lunar base. Owing to the fact that humans are thinking beings, they are not only willed but also a being who can make a choice. They can use their preference positively but also they can use it negatively, too. However, human beings need a volitional education to use his aptitude in a positive way. The person who will present this volitional education should be exclusive ?first director? . He is the wise man who has wisdom. In this sense, first director is the pioneer who will takes people into deific happiness, real happiness. It is not possible for every human being to be the first director but also it is not possible for every human being to have a good aptitude. Human being has both good and bad aptitudes congenitally. Only Deity has goodness due to his essence, he; does not have contrast of evil. In fact, human beings have both goodness and evil as two averse powers. The important point for them is to reveal the good characteristics. Humane happiness substantiates depending upon deific will. But choosing the evil is also a behavior peculiar to human being. As conclusion, on humane basis, ?a compulsory determinizm ? cannot be mentioned. Keywords: Freedom (Freedom), Will, Deific Will, Choice (Choice), Human Happiness, Intelligence, First Director (Wise, Wise Person), absolute determinism, moderate Determinism, Lunar Universe, Sublunar Universe, Metaphysics .