Atıksu arıtma tesislerinde farklı arıtma modifikasyonları ile fazla çamur oluşumunun azaltılması

Excess sludge production is the main problem in biological treatment processes. Sludge minimization is important for transportation cost and disposal operation during the wastewater treatment. New wastewater treatment standards are resulting a rise in decracing of sludge production. Sedimentation, dewatering, treatment and disposal of solid matter during aerobic wastewater treatment is reguired high operational cost. Waste activated sludge (WAS) is a by-product which produced by microorganisms utilizing dissolved and organic pollutants in wastewater. The costs for sludge treatment is expensive, which has been forecasted to form 30-60% of the total operational costs of wastewater treatment plants. A principle approach to solve about sludge problems are to decrease the amount of sludge produced in biological process. So, the development of modern processes and technology for decreasing sludge production in biological treatment stage to need. All these strategies are modifications of the common activated sludge process for better results. This thesis summarized the strategies that is has been preffered to categorize different methods for the plant place where the minimization takes place. This study discusses the current sludge minimization technologies applied in the water line (such as lysis-cryptic growth, uncoupling metabolism, anaerobic treatment) or in the sludge line (physical, chemical and biological pre-treatment methods) and their advantages, disadvantages. In this study, two different real-time biological wastewater treatment plant operating data obtained and the excess sludge amounts due to operational differences, spesific energy consumption rates, spesific sludge production rates and the amount and cost effects on sludge removal methods were explained in detail. If the thermal hydrolysis process, which is the physical method application of sludge minimization processes, applied for two plants with comparison, the results will be examined and it is shown that sludge minimization will be possible and operating costs will be reduced.