Azınlık hakları ve bölgelileştirilme: Bölgesiz otonomi modelinin dağınık azınlıklara uygulanması

Today, there are an estimated 10-12 million Roma living dispersed across Europe, and are considered to be one of Europe's largest minority. The Roma have been subjugated to the sovereignty of majority nations and bound to the institutional arrangements that have disadvantaged them from achieving recognition and protection, at both the national and international level. Although in recent years the Roma have been able achieve some success, their demands for self-determination remain unfulfilled because they do not fit into the conventional interpretation of self-determination as only exercisable through territoriality (states or their subunits). The Roma community particularly face the territorial problem because of the nature of their socio-cultural organisation as dispersed across borders of various nations. International Relations theory lacks a normative and a conceptual approach that is able to challenge and offer an alternative to the territorial dilemma for dispersed communities. The call from the Romani communities for self-determination has until recently largely been ignored by academics. Usually, academics opted for the integration approach and thought that the problem could be resolved by integrating the Romani to the greater majority society which we now see has not been a viable solution. This study explores a possible step forward in filling in this gap by making an effort to disengage the conventional understanding of self-determination and autonomy as relational to territoriality by using the Roma as a case study. Keywords: Majority-minority conflict, Non-territorial autonomy, Roma, Sovereignty, Territoriality