The moderating role of self-sacrifice and the mediating role of organizational identification on the relationship between paternalist leadership and extra role behavior

The purpose of this study is primarily to determine whether paternalistic leadership, which is an effective leadership style for cultures with high collectivist features such as Turkey, enables employees to show extra performance for the organization by affecting their self-concept and organizational identification. It also aims to investigate the moderating role of the leader's self-sacrifice on the relationship between paternalistic leadership and organizational identification. The relations between the variables were examined under two different models using the data acquired from 211 employees working in a food firm. As part of this study, two separate models were proposed. First, PROCESS Macro was used to examine the direct, indirect, and moderating effects between the variables in the main model. Second, the structural regression model was used, and path analyzes were conducted for the alternative model. The findings revealed that paternalistic leadership had a significant effect on both organizational identification and extra-role behavior; additionally, it has been found that organizational identification significantly affects extra-role behavior. Furthermore, it was revealed that organizational identification mediated the relationship between paternalistic leadership and extra-role behavior. On the other hand, the leader's self-sacrifice was found to have no moderating effect on the relationship between paternalistic leadership and organizational identification. In the alternative model, it was also discovered that organizational identification mediated the relationship between self-sacrificing leadership and extra-role behavior.