دراسة صوتية مقارنة بين لهجتي بغداد والموصل

A single language may be divided into several linguistic environments, each of which has its own dialect. This dialect has certain linguistic and phonetic characteristics. A language is distinguished from a dialect in that the language is general. As for the dialect, it is specific and is part of the language. For example, standard Arabic is a spoken language by all Arabs. They perform its skills: reading, writing, speaking, and listening. As for the dialect, it is a group of linguistic characteristics that belong to a specific environment, and it is performed by the members of this environment. We can say that the dialect environment is wide and multiple. It is possible for the dialect environment to include several diverse dialects. It is worth mentioning that in the dialects of Baghdad and Mosul there is a distinct phonetic and lexical diversity, which makes them two different dialects. These differences are due to social and other geographical factors. We find that the social factor is represented by human mixing and the movement of individuals from one region to another, in addition to people's origins and ethnic affiliation. As for the geographical factor, the geographical area can be considered as one of the most influential factors in dialects and their diversity. This is in terms of the breadth of the geographical environment and the multiplicity of its regions, so we find that both the Baghdad and Mosul dialects converge in some characteristics while diverging in others, in terms of features and phonetic phenomena such as emphasis, softening, inversion, assimilation, and others.