Investigation of the agents of bacterial gastroenteritis

Gastroenteritis is a leading morbidity and mortality reason in all over the world esperially in developing and under developed countries. Large variety factors cause the gastroenteritis. Searching all these factors by routine tests is not practical and not suitable for economic reasons. Generally, treatment is applied by the results obtained from epidemiological or scanning purposes. Correct treatment process decreases mortality and morbidity and also it is important to prevent unnecessary antibiotic utilization. Purposes of this study are to determine the bacterial gastroenteritis factors and semtinize the identification methods of gastroenteritis diagnosis on the patients. 115 samples which sent to University of Gaziantep Medical Faculty Hospital Microbiology Laboratory between the dates 15.02-31.05.2015 for stool analysis were attached to the study. Effective pathogenes were investigated by direct microscopy, culture and PCR tests of stool samples. Eosin methylene blue agar and xsiloz lysine deoxycholate agar were used for culture. Growing bacteria were identified by Phoenix (Becton Dickinson, USA) device. PCR test was performed as multiplex by BD Max Enteric Bacterial Panel, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp. (jejuni and coli), Shigella spp./Enteroinvasive E. coli (EİEC), Shiga toxin 1 (stx 1)/ Shiga toxin 2 (stx 2) were researched. In each field 3 and more leucocyte were determined in 35 samples (30.4 %). An enteric pathogen was identified in 10 patients (8.7 %) with culture. In 7 samples (6.1 %) Salmonella group, in 3 samples (2.6 %) Shigella spp. were identified in the culture. In 15 samples (13.1 %) an effective pathogen which includes Salmonella spp. in 7 sample (6.1 %), in 4 samples (3.5 %) Shigella spp. and Campylobacter spp. in 4 sample (3.5 %) was detected by PCR. In gastroenteritis, it is difficult to detect all agents at the same time, consequently, it was concluded that the data to determine territarially help to orientation of diagnosis and treatment for this type of diseases.