Westernisation period (XVIII. century)decoration in İstanbul sebilerinde

Water, which has an important place in all beliefs and cultures, has been an indispensable source for life.Transportation, storage and service delivery of water taken from the spring to be used has revealed various water structures.Collected in pools during the Ottoman Period, the water taken from the spring has been made available to the public with architectural structures such as public fountain, fountain and water tank. Public fountains, which were indigenous to Ottoman architecture and had an important place in the architectural art, became elegant and artistic structures that reflected the styles of the period in which they were built, adorned the city squares, completed the courtyards of the complex buildings, mobilised their facades and also met the people's water needs. Since the first half of 18th century, deflecting direction into the economic, scientific and technological developments in the West has made cultural and also social change inevitable.In the 18th century, Ottoman architecture also had its share as in all art branches; it was a period when traditional and western elements were synthesized together in the background, facade design and ornament compositions.In the first quarter of the 18th century architecture of public fountain, which is very simple design in classic style, started to change with the plan that started to be rounded and intense decoration concept and towards the middle of the century, a new architectural order and aesthetic understanding came to mind. In this process,while the change showed itself firstly in the rococo-based motifs, in the advancing processes, moving and three-dimensional facade arrangements were started to be applied in the baroque style that affected the whole composition. In Ottoman architectural decoration motifs; in Rococo and Baroque style, naturalist vases were decorated with motifs such as flowers, fruit trees, acanth leaves, oyster shell, oval cartridges and medallions, volute, pearl and egg series, tooth frieze, S-C curved panels, rokay and arabesque. In this study; The plan, facade and ornament compositions of twenty-one public fountains built in İstanbul between the years 1707 and 1795 will be examined in detail and their differences will be scrutinized by making periodic comparisons in terms of style.