Generation of somatic embryogenesis and synthetic seed production protocols in some Colchicum species

In this thesis study, the possibilities of surface sterilization, regeneration with somatic embryogenesis method and obtaining synthetic seed protocols in some species of Colchicum which is one of the Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and naturally grown in Turkey were investigated. Colchicum species (C.atticum, C. triphyllum, C. speciocum, C. burtii ve C. sobolifera) corms were used as explants within the scope of experiments investigating surface sterilization and somatic embryogenesis besides embryogenic structures were used in synthetic seed experiments.it was determined that the infection rate was the lowest at 0.2% of HgCl2 in all species. MS medium containing the combination of 2,4-D (0.5, 1, 2 mg/l) and NAA (0.5, 1, 2 mg/l) with BA (0, 0.1, 0.5 mg/l) and 2iP (0, 0.1, 0.5 mg/l) was tested in the investigation of regeneration with somatic embryogenesis. The highest regeneration of C. triphyllum was obtained in MS medium containing 2 mg/l NAA. Besides, the highest somatic embriyo ratio was obtained within MS medium containing in C. triphyllum (2mg/l 2,4-D) and C. speciocum species (6mg/l 2,4-D). The highest regeneration were obtained within MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D + 0.5 mg/l 2iP in C. burtii and C. sobolifera. The embryogenic structures formed were taken as a substitute for hormone-free MS, but they darkened and lost their vitality. Plantlets were obtained in C.speciocum. Synthetic seed trials were made in all species and germination occurred only within in C. atticum.