Impact of some variables on science achievement score: Pisa 2015 Turkey, Singapore and Germany example

In this study, it was investigated that whether the science literacy score of different countries data according to PISA 2015 Turkey, Singapore and Germany are affected by some variables like, SCIEEFF, SCIEACT, SMINS, COOPERATE, CPSVALUE, OUTHOURS, WEALTH, ESCS, ICTRES, IBTEACH, TDTEACH or not. Moreover, it was investigated whether the effect of these variables was different in low, medium and high scored students. The study was carried out using data from 4.701, 5.322 and 4.987 students for the Turkey, Singapore and Germany respectively, after eliminating the missing data from the PISA 2015 Turkey application data. Quantile Regression (QR) and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) Regression methods were used for statistical analysis. As a result of the analysis, the influences of the SCIEEFF and TDTEACH variables were higher in Singapore compared to other countries, while the SMINS and OUTHOURS variables were observed to be less effective than the other countries. The effects of the SCIEACT, ICTRES and OUTHOURS variables were higher in Turkey in comparison to the other countries, whereas the effects of COOPERATE and ESCS variables were seen that in the least. The effect of the SMINS variable on science literacy score was found to be highest in Germany. The CPSVALUE variable has shown a sharp change in low, medium and high scores in Germany, whilst this variable was insignificant for Turkey data. The effect of variable COOPERATE in low, medium and high scored students in Turkey and in Germany has not shown much of a change, while it was seen that the effect was very high in students who had a low score in Singapore. While IBTEACH variable was most effective on high scored students in Turkey, albeit it was most effective on low scored students in Singapore. It was observed that the ICTRES variable was most effective on medium level scored students in Turkey. WEALTH variable was observed to be insignificant for the most of the data except medium level scored students in Turkey and high level scored students in Germany. Keywords: PISA 2015, Science Literacy, Quantile Regression (QR), Ordinary Least Square Regression (OLS)