Determination of characteristic phytochemical components of some berry fruit species, investigation of in vitro bioaccesibility and subacute effects on in vivo burn wound healing

Aim: The more the tissues in the burned area of the skin, especially in the zone of stasis, can cope with oxidative stress, the survival of the tissues increases and the burn area heals. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of fruits and leaves of elderberry, aronia and black mulberry species, which are natural antioxidant sources, on in vitro bioaccessibility and in vivo burn wound healing. Material and Method: The fruit and leaf samples used in this study were taken from the production areas of Malatya Apricot Research Institute. Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity of the extracts were determined by UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Phenolic, tocopherol, amygdalin and anthocyanin contents were determined by HPLC and LC-MS/MS. In the experiment, 56 Wistar albino rats were used and burn wounds were created using the 'comb burn model'. The extracts were administered to the rats by orogastric gavage during 21 days. Changes in the burn area were observed by photographing on the days 3, 7 and 21 after the creation of the burn model, and tissue samples taken from the stasis zone were evaluated histopathologically. In addition, blood samples taken on day 21 were analyzed. Statistical evaluations were made with the Kruskal Wallis test. Results: In the samples the most detected phenolic compounds are chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, catechin and rutin; anthocyanin compounds such as cyanidin-3-glycoside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, cyanidin-3-galactoside and cyanidin-3-arabinoside. In the treatment groups, when compared to the burn group, infiltration density decreased, collagenization and immunoreactivity increased and and this difference was statistically significant (p≤ 0.05). On day 21, while reepithelialization increased in leaf groups, fruit groups were found to be similar to the burned group. Conclusion: It was determined that leaf extracts obtained elderberry, aronia and black mulberry species were more effective in healing the burn wound than the fruit extracts.