Studies on fertilization biology of some local and forein cultivars

In this research, germination, viability and pollen production of Ghora Gali pollinatior persimmon cultivar were studied in vitro conditions and its pollen tube growths were checked in vivo conditions. Persimmon cultivars Fuyu, Ghora Gali, Kaki Tipo, Vainiglia, Amankaki, Çekirdekli, Çekirdeksiz, Persimmon Seedless and Seedless Mardan were used in this study. The effects of free pollination, artificial pollination, isolation, flower thinning by hand, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 ppm GA3 treatment on the intensity of fruit drop, fruit set, speed of fruit growth were determined. In addition to some fruit quality parameters as fruit wide, fruit lenght, fruit high, fruit weight, seed number, level of aborted seeds and seed weight, TSS, titratable acidity and pH of fruit juice were tested. Although the pollen viability were found to be high, the pollen germination were found to be low in vitro conditions. The highest pollen germination rates were determined in 1 % agar + 1 5 % sucrose medium at 20°C. Pollinatior cultivar Ghora Gali's pollen production and rate of morphological homogenity were found high. In all cultivars' flower, pollen tubes reached the ovules in 1 day after pollination. It was determined that fruit drop and fruit growth was high in 3 month after treatments in most of the cultivars. Although high fruit set was obtained in the most of seedless cultivars low fruit set were obtained from seeded cultivars after isolation treatments. As far as fruit set are considered all treatments except isolation in most of seeded cultivars and all treatments in most of seedless cultivars were found succesfull. Free pollination, artificial pollination, flower thinning by hand and GA3 treatments were found to be effective increasing fruit size. From fruit quality characteristicts, TSS values in seedless cultivars were higher than seeded cultivars. In the other quality parameters, different values were obtained acording to cultivars and treatments.