Evaluation of periapical states in a group of patients using digital conventional techniques and cone-beam computed tomography images using three different indices.

. As a result of trauma and infection, pathological changes in periapical regions due to inflammation around the dental apex can occur. Clinical findings are often insufficient to identify these changes. Therefore, various radiological methods are used for diagnosis. In this study, periapical pathologies were evaluated by using three different indices for two- and three-dimensional radiological images to determine periapical condition and to obtain numerical data. Periapical lesions were evaluated with a periapical index scoring system using both periapical and panoramic images. Cone-beam computed tomography images were evaluated with an adapted periapical index in which cortical bone expansion and destruction added to the periapical index score. The other parameter of the study, the periapical and endodontic status index, consisted of two stages. Periapical bone lesions were classified according to a complex periapical index and apical periodontitis cases. The endodontic status index and the quality of the filling of the canal-treated teeth were evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of two-dimensional images used in the diagnosis of periapical status and to determine the difference between researchers with different experiences and interpretations. It was aimed to define the early stages of periapical changes and to contribute to the determination of the disease-bone relationship, which is an important diagnostic tool before dental treatment. Key words: Periapical lesion, cortical bone, resorption, periodontal space.