Bir hidrodesülfürizasyon ünitesinin enerji ve ekserji analizi

In this study, energy and exergy analysis studies were performed using data from the simulation of the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) unit, one of the most important processes in oil refineries. The process simulation software AVEVA Pro/ II was used to simulate the HDS process, and the Microsoft Excel program was used for the mass, energy, and exergy analysis calculations. In order to achieve more economical and environmentally friendly operating conditions that ensure minimal fuel gas consumption for the heating furnace, low power consumption in the compressor, and lower emissions and energy consumption, a new process model was proposed without compromising actual operating conditions and critical product characteristics. In the proposed new model, the effects of process operations and equipment were studied. In this study, based on energy and exergy analysis, equations for high energy input and transfer equipments in the HDS unit were established, and exergy analysis studies under actual and proposed process conditions were conducted using these equations. The simulation of the proposed process model showed that if the flow rate of recycle gas is reduced, one of the heat exchangers can be neglected and the critical characteristics of the products and operating conditions of the unit change very slightly and ineffectively. As a result of the exergy analysis, it was found that the exergy destruction in the heating furnace F-1 in the proposed process model decreases by 6.47 MW, in the distillation column T-1 by 0.57 MW and in the heat exchanger HX-1 by 0.32 MW. In addition, to illustrate the importance of thermoeconomic analysis for optimization, operation, and design, a comparison was made between the two models by creating thermoeconomic equations for whole processes in the actual and proposed process models. In addition, the overall thermoeconomic analysis of the process models showed that the exergy cost per unit in the proposed process model is 3.82 $/GJ, while the exergy cost per unit in the actual process model was calculated to be 3.9 $/GJ, resulting in a cost reduction of 362.25 $/h. By performing thermoeconomic optimization of the entire HDS unit, it is predicted that the proposed process model can be more sustainable than the actual process, depending on the intuitively chosen parameters in the HDS unit. By investigating the effects of different design and operating parameters, high energy and fuel gas savings and lower H2 consumption can be achieved. Therefore, energy costs can be significantly reduced and minimize the amount of emissions released into the atmosphere.