Biyolojik olarak sentezlenen gümüş nanopartiküllerine maruz kalan klebsıella pneumonıae'nın transkriptomik analizi

Silver nanoparticles play an important role in the fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Silver nanoparticles are promising in the development of new drugs with antibacterial and antifungal activity, especially in nanomedicine. Various physical, chemical and biological methods can be used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. This study was planned for the transcriptomic analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae exposed to silver nanoparticles synthesized by an Antarctic actinobacterium Arthrobacter sp. H14-L1. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by visible and ultraviolet light spectroscopy (UV-vis), scanning electron microscopy – energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and X-ray crystallography. According to the UV-vis analysis, silver nanoparticles showed maximum absorbance at 419 nm wavelength. The SEM-EDX analysis showed that the silver nanoparticles synthesized by Arthrobacter sp. H14-L1 were spherical in shape and 58-68 nm in size. The X-ray crystallography analysis confirmed that the synthesized silver nanoparticles were in crystalline form. The genome of Arthrobacter sp. H14-L1 used in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles was downloaded from the NCBI GenBank, and its biosynthetic gene clusters and phylogenetic characteristics were analyzed. It was shown that synthesized silver nanoparticles inhibit the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The RNA-Seq analysis was performed to reveal the gene expression differences in K. pneumoniae cells exposed to the silver nanoparticles. Although the gene expression differences in K. pneumoniae exposed to silver nanoparticles synthesized by Arthrobacter sp. H14-L1 were not statistically significant; some differences were observed in the expressions of genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis and degradation, and stress response in general. The results of this study contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the toxicity of silver nanoparticles on bacterial cells.