Research for biomimetics on art and design objects

Colossal accumulation of knowledge composed as a consequence of the evolutionary process of matter and nature which is continuing since the big bang provides rational and practical solutions to the challenges of the modern age. Investigating biomimetic, which is researching the natures and life's evolution, adaptation mechanisms and models and methods arise out of natural selection pressures, from the viewpoint of design models is the topic of this thesis. Furthermore, the research frame covers the study of bio-art which can be considered as reflections of biomimetics' examples in nature, in the context of its work of art. The act of mimic is used by all livings as a tool to stay alive by adapting their environments and self-defense against the selection mechanisms of nature. During the evolutionary process, Homo Sapiens as a "wise man" used the act of mimic in the role of the primary practice of learning mechanism and developed original analysis methods from different experiences. On the other hand, natural selection mechanisms eliminate all species, which existed as a result of diversity generation dynamics such as mutation, gene conversion, genetic reconfiguration, except those that can adapt to the environment best. Therefore, the design which can adapt the environment best carried to the future by genes. As a similar way to natural selection mechanisms, the act of design incorporates transferring the knowledge inspired by its nature, which can provide the solution to the problem of motivation which is determined by the application context to the design by the act of mimic, decipherment or synthesis. Unlike natural selection, during the design process carried out by a human, the knowledge applied to design is deciphered from nature, while the information learned during past efforts is deliberately refined. The new period we are in is called the biological period by scientists. Another feature of this period, which stands out with the acceleration of science and technology beyond its own boundaries, is increasing destruction to its environment. In the face of this situation, some new ways of thinking and researches have emerged in order to reduce environmental losses and to find rational and sustainable solutions. This revolution, which is called biomimetic, marks a new era. Even though the data of biomimetic science can be used in all units related to design, these data cannot be used in artworks as they contain analysis. Biomimetic can be used to develop new tools and materials for arts but it cannot be used as a category to define an artwork. On the other hand, through the course of art history, nature and its teachings have always had an important place. In the context of the image, nature won't be discussed formally in the thesis, however, the relationship between nature and art will be examined in terms of communication and exchange similarly as between biomimetic and design relations. As the modern art leads the way for the contemporary art, the boundaries between art and design gradually diminished and the boundaries eventually disappeared almost completely, which enabled artists to create new sorts of works in the conjunction of science-design and art. With bio-art, in addition to the works that draw attention to the destruction of human beings to the environment in the biological age, new works are produced at the border of art and science with biological organisms. Furthermore, artworks about the issues on the havoc of the Anthropocene period or about the sustainability which subsumes resource scarcity and inefficiency are being produced to draw attention. In the light of nature, biomimetic data and science the artworks to be mentioned in the thesis will be examined within the scope of bio-art. The purpose of this thesis is to draw attention to the instructional aspects of nature in the fields of design and art and to make analysis with examples in accordance with the methods in use. While researching the ways of how to benefit from nature, which presents solutions in the context of design, the disappearance of the sharp lines between the design and the historical process of art, the ways in which nature is used in the art will be examined through examples.