A study on determination of energy productivity and greenhouse gas emissions in wheat production

In this research was conducted on the determination of energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions in wheat production, and the energy equivalents of the inputs in production per unit production area, the energy efficiency and greenhouse gas values of the obtained product were calculated. The data used in the research were obtained from 175 different wheat producing enterprises by proportional sampling method. In the research, the amount of direct and indirect energy use in wheat production and their share in total energy consumption were determined. According to the results of the research, the total energy consumption in wheat production was calculated as 19024.21 MJ ha-1, and the energy output as 80585.40 MJ ha-1. It was determined that the input with the highest energy consumption belonged to fertilization with a value of 8748.38 MJ ha-1. This in order; seed energy input 4626.79 MJ ha-1 (24.32%), fuel energy 2697.25 MJ ha-1 (14.18%), irrigation energy 2362.50 MJ ha-1 (12.42%), chemical energy 269.19 MJ ha-1 (1.41%), tool/machine energy 309.52 MJ ha-1 (1.63%) followed by 10.58 MJ ha-1 (0.06%) human energy. Energy rate, energy efficiency, specific energy and net energy efficiency values were determined as 4.24, 0.29 kg / MJ, 3.47 MJ kg-1 and 61561.19 MJ ha-1, respectively. The total GHG emission for wheat production was calculated as 3784.60 kgCO2-eş ha–1. The highest share in total GHG emissions belongs to seeds (59.41%). Seed irrigation (16.84%), nitrogen fertilizer use (14.60%), phosphate fertilizer use (3.99%), fuel use (3.49%), chemical pesticide use (0.98%), tool-machine use (0.58%) and human labor(0.10%), respectively followed. In addition, the GHG ratio in wheat production was calculated as 0.69 kgCO2-eş ha–1.