Determining the structural and spatial problems of Bursa Nilufer district Karacaoba dairy cattle facilities and modeling of a sample enterprice

Cattle breeding is of great importance in the agricultural sector. Population growth increases the demand for food, and the demand for food products such as meat and milk, which is important for human nutrition, is also increasing. This increasing demand and need can be met by carrying out productive animal husbandry activities in modern businesses, housing structures and facilities where the indoor are regularly planned, optimized in terms of environmental conditions, and animal and employee welfare are provided. This research was carried out in dairy cattle farms in Bursa province, Nilüfer district, Karacaoba District. According to 2019 TUIK data of Nilüfer district, milk yield per animal is 9.53 kg/day. This value is not efficient enough for an economic enterprise. Although it is thought that the reason for this situation is due to the lack of nutrition and care, in addition to this, the inadequacy of the operating structures for animal welfare, the negative impact of the environment and working conditions of the employees in the shelter and the decrease in work efficiency are also effective. In this study, shelters and other structures of 15 dairy cattle farms in Karacaoba of Nilüfer district were examined in terms of their structural and environmental characteristics. While evaluating the compliance of the shelters with the animal welfare criteria, the dimensions of the shelter inlet and outlet openings of the ventilations, floor arrangement were measured on-site, and a survey study was conducted with the persons. While findings that may affect animal health and welfare and reduce milk production efficiency in small-scale enterprises that adopt the traditional production model, various structural and spatial problems have been identified in other enterprises. The proposal to increase the income level of small-scale producers in the research area, to increase the number of workforce, to increase the competitiveness of the settlements and enterprises and to reduce the increasing operating costs, bringing together these small enterprises that couldn't be able to benefit from rural supports, has been presented in this study.