A study on traditional sock knitting in Göktepe Village, Orhaneli district, Bursa

Hand-knitted socks, which hold a unique place among Turkish handicrafts and traditional clothing elements, are primarily worn for daily practical needs. However, because they gradually wear out through use, they face the risk of disappearing as part of cultural heritage. With the impact of technological advancements, the importance of handmade production methods is diminishing, and the number of individuals engaged in sock knitting is steadily declining, placing this traditional craft at risk of extinction. The main objective of this research is to examine the hand-knitted socks from Göktepe Village, identify their technical features and patterns, and, based on the findings, redesign traditional elements in ways that align with contemporary aesthetics and usage practices, making them relevant and applicable today. A total of 24 traditional products from the region were analyzed. Information and photographs related to these products are presented in the form of data sheets. Data on motifs, patterns, designs, technical features, tools and materials used, as well as information about the individuals involved in sock knitting, were collected through a questionnaire. In the traditional hand-knitted socks from Göktepe Village, crochet hooks are used as tools. While natural yarn was traditionally used in older examples, synthetic threads are preferred in modern ones. The socks are typically started from the toe and knitted with a simple stitch method, applied in a cylindrical form and in a single direction. These socks are particularly notable for their rich variety of motifs and vibrant use of color. Among the decorative elements, geometric, symbolic, plant, and object motifs are frequently employed. Geometric motifs, especially triangles and lozenge patterns, are the dominant forms. The compositions, created by arranging the motifs in a horizontal layout, reflect the region's unique aesthetic sensibilities. While motifs often share similarities, there are also striking examples in terms of color usage. In fact, up to ten different colors can appear in a single sock, resulting in highly multicolored designs. Keywords: Turkish Handicraft, Traditional, Göktepe Village (Bursa), Sock, Pattern.