Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies about calves bronchopneumonia (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza type-3, bovine respiratory syncytial virus)

Based on the viral etiology outbreaks of the respiratory diseases of calves, in many parts of the world and in our country, it has caused important economic losses due to secondary infections. Department of the presence of viral agents various types of calf pneumonia brought to our branch was often suspected but it could not exactly chosen from the archive block. The present study, 48 (10-90 days) calves belonging to the lung tissue was planned to investigate the presence of three viral agent with immunohistochemistry methods. The aim of adhesive slides taken for paraffin sections avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) in accordance with the method, a mouse monoclonal anti-Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis, anti-Parainfluenza virus and anti-Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (lifespan Biosciences, Inc., LS-C56537) marked with antibody positivity was investigated . Of these, 34/48 (70.83%) positive cases of the virus, 14/48 (29.17%) were identified as virus-negative patients. BRSV positive 22/48 (45.83%), IBR is 16/48 (33.33%), PI-3 11/48 (22.90%) ratio was determined. IBR+ BRSV in eight patients (8/22), IBR +PI-3 in one patient (1/22) were together. All three viruses to the majority of positive staining was observed in the epithelial bronch and bronchioles. Less well as with alveolar epithelium, alveolar macrophages and giant cells were detected. Virus positive preparations in (+/++ or +/+++) usually interalveolar septum thickness, the bronchioles epithelial hyperplasia, degeneration and desquamation, peribronchiolar mononuclear cell infiltration and an increase in the number of alveolar macrophages and multinucleated giant cells were observed.Histopathological examination of pneumonia; as acute catarrhal bronchopneumonia (n:17/48) fibrinous bronchopneumonia (n:10/48), interstitial pneumonia (n:23/48), aspiration pneumonia (n:5/48) is classified into four main groups. In most cases of pneumonia were identified types of two pneumonia together. Positive staining for the virus detected in the AK and ASP pneumonia was seen particularly with IP. FP or AK in type of pneumonia that bacteria is held responsible for the fact of being identified antigen positive, it has been important to confirm the presence of primary viral etiology. These results show that our region can not be avoided despite the heavy use of antibiotics in giving information about the etiology and pathogenesis of pneumonia in calves death, rather than antibiotics in combating the disease, primarily reveals the importance of the protection control measures and vaccination.