جهود علماء سوريا المعاصرين في الأحوال الشخصية-مصطفى الزرقا -ومصطفى السباعي نموذجاً

One of the most important objectives of this research is to highlight the individual's impact on developing their society under the most difficult conditions. This is achieved by searching for role models distinguished by deep knowledge in Islamic Fiqh, who have left us with significant scientific and practical contributions that require research and analysis to benefit from their efforts. These efforts should be the catalyst for the revival of the nation. The problem today, amidst wars and crises, is despair, stagnation, and the absence of role models who approach contemporary issues with a renewed perspective based on the principles of Sharia law. This has led to the neglect and exclusion of the opinions of reform-minded scholars. Some individuals have started seeking solutions to their problems, particularly within the family, by embracing an unrestricted openness to others, resulting in the absence of a moderate approach. The first step towards reform begins with individuals reforming themselves, their families, and then influencing their communities while upholding their faith. This is the focus of my work in this research. After the introduction, the research is divided into sections. In the first section, I provide an overview of the concept of "personal status" and its origins, as well as its legislative development. Then, I dedicate three chapters to discuss Syria's history in the twentieth century, during which both scholars, Dr. Mustafa Al-Zarka and Dr. Mustafa Al-Saba'i, lived. I also provide biographical information about them. The second chapter focuses on their efforts in personal status matters. I examine their writings, works, and the reasons behind their legislation of personal status laws, as well as the impact of their efforts. I gather issues and statements from their books, analyze their juristic opinions and rulings, and provide supporting evidence. The third chapter presents the outcomes of their efforts. I list the newly established practical branches related to family law reform and briefly explain some of them. Furthermore, I elucidate their adopted jurisprudential approach by referring each issue back to its principles. Finally, the conclusion encompasses the findings of my research. Keywords: Personal status, Mustafa Al-Zarka, Mustafa Al-Saba'i, efforts, Islamic Fiqh, approach