Evaluation of high cannabidiol (CBD) hybrid potential in cannabis sativa

KEYWORDS: Hybrid, Today, the cannabis plant, which attracts attention due to its multiple uses in fiber production, seed production and industrial fields, especially in medical fields, is grown for fiber, seed, stem and similar purposes in certain areas in line with legal permissions in our country. The cannabis plant, with the flower bunches of female plants being the pioneer, has become an important plant material in the pharmaceutical industry due to secondary metabolites such as cannabinoids, terpenes and phenolic compounds. Among these components, cannabinoids are divided into two as psychoactive and non-psychoactive compounds. In cancer patients, cannabinoids are known to stimulate appetite, relieve pain and nausea. The concentration of cannabinoids is influenced by environmental influences during the cultivation of the plant, its genetic background and the extraction and analysis methods used. Although there are more than 90 cannabinoids in the cannabis plant, mainly delta-9-tetrahydrocannabidiol (Δ9-THC), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol (CBN), cannabichromene (CBC), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabidiolic acid, cannabidivarin (CBDV) and tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), CBD is the most widely used medically and industrially. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the hybrid potential for high CBD in hybrids resulting from the reciprocal crossing of a CBD-rich cannabis genotype and a non-CBD-rich cannabis genotype. Genotypes obtained in the fall were grown under controlled conditions in a secure greenhouse. Dynamic maceration extraction method and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to identify cannabinoid amounts in the samples. According to the results obtained; the plant with the highest CBD content was found to be the hybrid with the cytoplasm of the parent containing high CBD with 49509.17 ppm. In terms of the average CBD content, the reciprocal hybrids could not exceed the parental line containing high CBD. The hybrid with the cytoplasm of the parent containing high CBD surpassed the reciprocal hybrid with the mean CBD content of 15501.05 ppm and the mean CBD content of 11836.92 ppm. It was determined that the reciprocal hybrids did not differ from the high CBD parent in terms of cannabinoid chemotype. It is expected that the data produced within the scope of this thesis study will contribute to academic and industrial studies in terms of breeding studies of CBD, which has recently become popular in the pharm