The ideal sovereign in the modern state according to Carl Schmitt

The concept of sovereignty has been one of the most discussed concepts of political theory. The most important reason for this is its close relationship with the phenomenon of power on the basis. The comprehension and interpretation of ideologies in political thought necessitates a discussion of the conception of sovereignty shaped around their positioning the concept of power. In this regard, a historical reading through the understanding of sovereignty will also enable the understanding of ideological changes. Carl Schmitt's understanding of sovereignty constitutes the main axis of the historical reading made through the understanding of sovereignty. In the study, it has been argued that it is possible to find traces of the historical ideological transformation that emerged especially in the criticism of liberalism of the Schmittian understanding, which is fed by the historical background of the concepts of absolute sovereignty. In a way that justifies the criticisms that Schmitt brought to liberalism at the point of understanding of sovereignty; experiencing an effective transformation in the understanding of sovereignty from classical liberalism to neoliberalism made it possible to read the process by referencing Schmitt. Liberalism's conception of sovereignty, it's positioning of power and the concepts that came to the fore with conjunctural wars in the twentieth century were evaluated with Schmitten's perspective. In the study, the ambiguity of who will be the decision-maker in exceptional situations with the modern conception of the state moving away from the conception of God has been tried to be eliminated. In the study, with the views and thoughts of the Sovereign, who will decide on the exceptional situation, Schmitt's views and thoughts put forward an understanding in which all authority is gathered by suspending the constitution without waiting for the parliament decision in the classical liberal understanding. Replacing the modern state with the total state, Schmitt criticized liberalism and tried to create its state model. Being able to associate the transformation in liberalism in the historical process with Schmitt's criticism shows that Schmitt's understanding of politics created a central and contemporary discussion area in political thought. Keywords: Modern State, Liberalism, Democracy, Sovereign, Exceptional Situation.