The relation between CDC25A gene polymorphisms and breast cancer pathogenesis and prognosis

The family of cell division cycle 25 (CDC25) phosphatase is one of the important regulators of the cell cycle progression. In mammalian cells, three isoforms have been identified: CDC25A, CDC25B, and CDC25C. CDC25A is required to enter S period, and the overexpression of this phosphatase accelerates the entrance to S period. CDC25A overexpression could render tumour cells to be less sensitive to DNA replication checkpoints, thereby contributing to their genomic instability. We aimed to investigate the frequency of human CDC25A gene SNPs in metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancer. Totally 281 patients with histologically confirmed incident of breast cancer and 137 cancer-free controls were included. The CDC25A gene polymorphisms were detected by PCR and RFLP techniques. It was found that the 263C/T polymorphism is significantly associated both with breast cancer and the risk of metastasis. The -350C/T polymorphism in the promoter region of CDC25A gene was not found to be associated with breast cancer and metastasis. The other promoter polymorphism -51C/G in the CDC25A gene was associated with breast cancer but not with metastasis. These data suggest that 263C/T and -51C/G polymorphisms of CDC25A gene could be candidate markers for earlier diagnosis of breast cancer.