Çeçenistan'da radikalleşme milliyetçi ayaklanmadan İslamcı teröre

This study examines the process of radicalization in Chechnya. This process is not monolithic; it had begun as a nationalist insurgency including social movements for independence, but it eventually evolved into Islamic radicalism and terrorism. Thus, the aim of this study is to find the reason(s) behind the occurrence of this specific or religious form of radicalism in Chechnya. First, the causes and methods of three main forms of social reaction, which relatively from the least violent to the most are social movements, ethnic conflicts and terrorism, are analyzed for a better understanding of the actual situation in Chechnya. Then, the socio-economic situation of Chechnya, Russian policies creating the understanding of us vs. them, the change of leadership in Chechnya and the coming and deployment of the Mujahideen are analyzed in depth to show how the last factor has the main responsibility for the occurrence of Islamic radicalism and terrorism. The six main indicators that support and strengthen this argument are the number of organizations created, the number of fighters deployed, the amount of foreign funding, the decreasing sympathy of the West, the changes in laws and the regime and the number of civilian casualties. Consequently, the impact of international Islamic radicalism and terrorism transformed the local issue into a regional one and this study can be helpful for understanding the causes of and creating the preventive methods for the conflict. Keywords: Radicalization, Islamic terrorism, social reaction, socio-economic situation, Russian policies, change of leadership, Mujahideen.