Investigation of centaurea mucronifera dc chemical composition and biological activity

In this study, comprehensive phytochemical studies and screening of biological activities of Centaurea mucronifera DC have been carried out. The essential oil (CMUY) and fatty acids (CMSY) were obtained from the aerial parts by hydrodistillation and microextraction, resp. The extracts were obtained by maceration with n-hexane (CMHE), methanol (CMME) and water (CMSE). The chemical compositions of CMUY and CMSY were investigated by gas chromatographic techniques (GC-FID and GC/MS). The major volatiles compounds have been found to be as 1-isobutyl 4-isopropyl 3-isopropyl-2,2-dimethyl succinate, hexadecanoic acid, 2-methyl-2,2-dimethyl-1-(2-hidroxy-1-methylethyl)propyl propanoate, caryophyllene oxide, and 1,5-epoxi-salvial-4(14)-ene. Hexadecanoic, nonadecanoic, stearic, linolenic and linoleic acids were found in the fatty acids profile. The polar extracts chemical composition have been investigated with LC-MS/MS technique. Caffeoylquinic, ferullic, 5-caffeoylquinic, and ferulloylquinic acids have been found as main phenolic acids. The flavonoids in the extracts were presented by methyl quercetine glucoside and methyl apigenine glucoside. Antioxidant activities of the essential oils and the extracts were evaluated with DPPH, TEAC, and CUPRAC tests. Bioautographic HPTLC investigation of the polar extracts revealed the phenolic compound to be responsible for their antioxidant potential. Using the microtide plate technique, the weak -amylase enzyme inhibition effect (<50%) of the samples was determined. Although, CMUY demonstrated the highest inhibition value (34%) among other extracts. Samples did not show inhibition against acetylcholinesterase enzyme at 2.0-0,001 mg/ml concentration intervals. Within the scope of the thesis, the chemical profiles of C. mucronifera apolar and polar extracts and fatty acids were investigated for the first time. Antioxidant, antidiabetic and antiacetilcholinesterase effects of essential oil and extracts were evaluated for the first time.