Customs and customs applications in the Ottoman State according to Ceride-i Rüsumiye

Customs; Although it is an important source of income for the Ottoman Empire, it has been a control mechanism for its protection in domestic producers and merchants. However, at the beginning of the 20th century, both the political superiority and production and economic balances lost against Europe caused the Ottoman customs to be committed against the state, the domestic producer and the domestic merchant. For this period, trade agreements and customs tariff agreements with foreign states centered the interests of these foreign states rather than in the interests of the Ottoman State. This study focuses on the situation of Ottoman customs in the early 20th century and tries to reveal the effects of the developments that have been going on since the 19th century on the Ottoman economy and the measures taken by the Ottoman State in the face of the developments. In addition, in the journal titled "Ceride-i Rüsumiye" published by the customs officers, the problems and solution suggestions related to both foreign trade and customs and direct customs officers, which are expressed by the customs officers, are also explained with this study.