Determination of characteristic properties of wood- based boards reinforced with various nano material

In this thesis study, Magnezium oxide (MgO), Zinc oxide (ZnO) and Silisium dioxide (SiO2) nano additive materials in powder form with grain size of 18-50 nm were added to urea formaldehyde (UF) and melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) resins in three different ratios as 1%, 3% and 5%. Pysical properties of oriented strand board (OSB) used as a building; thickness swelling in water 24h, formaldehyde and moisture content, dimensional change, fire resistance, resistance to brown rot fungus, heat permeability, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) thermal properties were examined. At the same time, the distribution properties of the nano additive material on the strand partickle in the board were investigated using an SEM microscope. From mechanical resistance values; tensile strength, bending strength, modulus of elasticity in bending and tensile-shear strength were examined. In the study, mixed Black pine (Pinus nigra A.) and Red pine (Pinus burutia T.) wood strand partickle were obtained from Kronospan wood products for OSB production. Resins were used in the production of board; 60% urea formaldehyde (UF) resin and 60% melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) resin with 5% melamine content were supplied from the Kronospan Wood Products company resin factory. Resin for each type of resin was added as solid 11% of the dry strand partickle. The 50% concentration catcher chemical used to reduce formaldehyde emission value was supplied from Kronospan Wood Products resin factory. Catcher solid amount was added into the resin at a ratio of 5% to the solid glue amount. Ammonium chloride in 20% aqueous solution as a hardener was obtained from Kronospan Wood Products and was added into the resin in a way that the ratio of solid hardener amount to solid glue amount was 2%. Paraffin emulsion at 50% concentration, which has water-repellent properties, was provided by Mercan paraffin firm. Paraffin emulsion was mixed into the liquid glue in such a way that the consumption rate of solid paraffin was 1% compared to dry chip. Test samples were prepared and tested in accordance with the dimensions specified in the relevant standards on the produced nano-free and nano-added samples. The data obtained as a result of the study were analyzed with the help of SAS 9,4 statistical program and the results were interpreted. In the results of study; the sample density average values for each of the nano additives added to UF and MUF resin are between the intended density value and tolerance values. As the ratio of MgO nano additive material added to UF resin and MUF resin increased, a decrease in bending, elasticity and tensile strength values, and an increase in 24-hour water swelling and formaldehyde values were detected. It was observed that the decrease in mechanical values, thickness swelling and increase in formaldehyde values were significantly higher in UF resin than in MUF resin. The formaldehyde emission value decreased in control samples without nano additives and in samples with nano additives produced with MUF resin. It is thought that the decrease in formaldehyde value is due to the effect of melamine content. According to the results of strength tests; It is seen that ZnO and SiO2 nano additives have a positive effect on strength. When the combustion experiments from physical properties are examined, it is seen that the ZnO nano additive has a positive effect on the burning time feature and as a result of the heat permeability test, which is important for the thermal insulation feature of the sample as a building material, as the SiO contribution rate increases, the thermal conductivity value decreases, meaning it can increase the insulation performance of the material. In dimensional expansion experiments, elongation, expansion and thickness increases in length, width and thickness were examined. The test results were interpreted as towards the production direction of the upper and lower surface flakes of the sample and towards the cutting direction perpendicular to the production. According to the analysis results; No significant difference was observed in the dimensional changes perpendicular to the production direction in the increases in length, width and thickness in the transition from 30% humidity and 20°C to 65% humidity and 20°C temperature conditions. While there is no significant difference in the changes towards the production direction in the transition from 65% humidity, 20°c temperature to 85% humidity, 20°c temperature conditions, in the dimensional changes in the perpendicular direction of production, the change in the sample width is less and the least expansion in the sample width is observed. UF resin SiO2 3% contribution ratio and in samples without nano additives of MUF glue. In dimensional contraction experiments, shrinkage in length and width measurements and decrease in thickness were examined. The test results were again interpreted as towards the production direction of the upper and lower surface flakes of the sample and towards the cutting direction perpendicular to the production. According to the analysis results; When it comes to 85% humidity, 20°C temperature and 65% humidity, 20°C temperature conditions, it is seen that the shrinkage rate in the width of the samples whose flake laying directions are cut perpendicular to the production direction is less. seen in the samples. When it comes to 65% humidity and 20°C temperature conditions and 30% humidity and 20°C temperature conditions, it is seen that there is no significant difference in the reduction rates in length, width and thickness of the samples cut perpendicular to the production direction and production. According to the test results in which the heat permeability property was determined; It is seen that the lowest thermal conductivity value is 5% with the SiO2 nano contribution of MUF resin. It is seen that the groups with the lowest heat permeability time are in the samples without UF resin nano additives, MUF glue with SiO2 nano additives at a rate of 1% and 3%, and MUF resin MgO nano additive at a rate of 5%. According to the TGA test analysis results where thermal heat properties are determined; There was no significant difference between the two adhesive groups in samples without nano additives and samples with nano additives. In the fire reaction tests, it was observed that nano additives did not have a negative effect on the combustion properties of OSB. It was observed in fire reaction test that the flame height did not exceed the limit value determined by the standard for each group and nano additives.