The challenges in the implementation and the transfer of environmental technologies

In this thesis study, it is described that various factors are involved in the transfer of environmentally sound technologies (EST's) and adaptation and mitigation technologies that can be a solution to climate change. In particular, the transfer processes of these technologies, transfer formation mechanisms, characteristics of the parties involved in technology transfer, and the problems and obstacles that may arise in connection with all these are examined. Lack of financial support, lack of capacity (human, technological and organizational), economic problems, the level of cooperation of all parties involved in EST transfers, sociological and cultural incompatibilities may cause problems and obstacles to the implementation, dissemination and transfer of EST's. In this study, the parties that provide the technology (mostly Developed Countries) are required to provide financial and technological support, which is their responsibility taken under United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, while the parties that receive the technology (mostly Developing Countries or Least Developed Countries) are required to create the "enabling favorable environments". It is argued that both sides have these different tasks to be performed for the technology transfer to be successful. The technology receiver should also internalize technology received (by incorporating it into local/national R&D processes, creating relevant potential new innovations, producing locally and creating their local supply chain and exporting) which is required for the technology transfer to be effective.