Experimental analysis of vibration and surface roughness in the turning of tempered steel in cnc lathe machine

Tempered steels are widely used in the automotive, aircraft and manufacturing industries for the production of components that are exposed to excessive loads due to their good hardness, high strength and toughness properties. If the optimum cutting parameters in the turning process of the tempered steels are chosen, the surface quality obtained in the cylindrical grinding machine can be achieved. In this experimental study; The vibration and surface roughness analyzed that occurred during lathe, using ceramic cutting tools on a CNC lathe for AISI 4340 tempered steels (20, 46 and 53 HRc), which have been treated, conventional heat treated and tempered after conventional heat treatment, respectively. As a result of the preliminary tests, appropriate cutting parameters were determined and experiments were carried out under conditions of four different cutting speeds (140, 180, 220 and 260 m/min), three different feed rate (0,08, 0,14 and 0,20 mm/rev), constant cutting depth (0,3 mm) and dry cutting conditions. In the experiments, surface roughness and three axis vibration amplitude values were measured as online. As a result of the study, it was observed that the most important cutting parameter affecting the surface roughness and vibration amplitude was progress. It was observed that the values of vibration amplitude and surface roughness were lower in the 46 HRc hardened sample where the tempering process was applied after the conventional heat treatment. Keywords: AISI 4340 Steel, Turning, Surface roughness, Vibration, Ceramic tool.