In vitro investigation of the effects of children's dentifrices on the viability of gingival cells and the differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of children's toothpastes with different detergent content on the viability of gingival epithelial cells, gingival and periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells, the potential of osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Material and Methods: Characterization of the cells obtained from the gingival tissue obtained from the surgical extraction of the embedded third molars and the PDL tissue from these teeth was performed. The viability of the stimulated cells for 2 minutes with Colgate, Sensodyne, Splat, Nenedent, Perlodent toothpaste solutions were prepared in 4 diffrerent concentrations and CDMEM control group were evaluated on the flow cytometry device with Anneksin-V at the end of the 3rd day. In addition, changes in the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential of GMCH and PDLMCHs exposed to toothpaste solutions were also examined morphologically. Datas were statistically evaluated using the IBM SPSS V23 program. Results: In all experimental groups, there was a decrease in live cell rates and an increase in dead cell rates due to increased concentration. The best cell viability values were determined in Splat's toothpaste solutions after the control group and the group with the lowest viability values was determined in Colgate group. While the best osteogenic differentiation potential on mesenchymal stem cells was determined in the control and splat group, there was no cell differentiation in the Colgate experimental group. When the effects on the chondrogenic differentiation potential were evaluated, different cell groups were determined in the control, Splat and Sensodyne experimental groups. Perlodent, Nenedent and Colgate experimental group did not find any differentiated cell group. The most negative findings in all experiments were found in the Colgate group, followed by Nenedent and Perlodent groups. The best findings were observed in the Splat and Sensodyne experimental groups after the control group. Conclusions: As a result of the findings obtained, it was observed that Colgate toothpaste with SLS content had a more negative effect on the viability of the cells and the potential for differentiation than the other groups. It is thought that the detergent content of toothpaste may be related to toxic changes occuring on cells.