Factors affecting of shock wave lithotripsy of ureteral stones in the paediatric population

Factors Affecting Success of Shockwave Lithotripsy of Kidney and Ureteral Stones in the Paediatric Population The success of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL) in children with renal stone disease was first reported in 1986. Following this, many studies have been conducted on a broad series of children evaluating the complications, safety and stone-free status rates of this method. SWL is accepted as the first-line treatment in children due to its lower complication rates and stone-free rates of children treated with SWL are higher than adults. The aim of this study is to evaluate the factors that affect the success of the third generation electromagnetic SWL method in the treatment of children with renal and ureteral stones. Data of 466 patients treated with Siemens Lithostar Modularis Uro-Plus (Siemens Medical Systems, Erlangen, Germany) in two different centers of Baskent University Health System between 2003 and 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Five hundred and seven renoureteral units of 466 patients had been treated. Patient data included; a detailed medical history and physical examination; urinary culture, serum levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen workup for every case. Intravenous pyelography, ultrasonography or non-contrast computed tomography were used to determine stone localization, stone burden, and the presence and degree of hydronephrosis. Patients with anatomic abnormalities and staghorn stones were excluded from the study. The overall success rate of SWL in children was founded to be 86.2%. Stone burden, presence and degree of hydronephrosis did have an impact on the success rate; while stone localization, gender, age, amount of energy used in sessions, stone density, presence of double J stent and nephrostomy had no effect.