Retrospective evaluation of vesicoureteral reflux patients who underwent surgery in children.

Objective: The aim of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the clinical and radiological findings of pediatric patients who underwent surgical treatment for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). VUR is defined as the backflow of urine from the bladder into the upper urinary system and is a common condition in pediatric urology. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial since this pathology can lead to urinary tract infections, renal scarring, hypertension, and chronic renal failure. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted by examining the records of pediatric patients who underwent surgical treatment for VUR at the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, between 2015 and 2023. The demographic data, preoperative and postoperative clinical findings, imaging results, and treatment processes of the patients were retrospectively evaluated. Results: The data of 314 pediatric patients who underwent surgical treatment for VUR were analyzed. The average age of the patients was 6.3 years, with 60% being female and 40% male. Unilateral VUR was detected in 75% of the patients, while 25% had bilateral VUR. The most common preoperative symptoms were frequent urinary tract infections (85%), urinary incontinence (50%), and abdominal pain (40%). Postoperative symptoms significantly improved in 90% of the patients. Additionally, a reduction in the grade of VUR and a regression in renal scarring were observed radiologically. Discussion: Surgical methods in the treatment of VUR are an effective option, especially in high-grade reflux and patients unresponsive to medical treatment. In our study, most patients showed clinical and radiological improvement after surgical treatment, supporting the effectiveness of surgical intervention. Conclusion: In pediatric patients undergoing surgical treatment for vesicoureteral reflux, significant improvement in symptoms and a reduction in complication rates were observed postoperatively. Therefore, surgical treatment can be considered an effective option in cases of high-grade VUR. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment methods can prevent renal damage. Keywords: Vesicoureteral reflux, pediatric surgery, urinary tract infection, renal scarring, surgical treatment.