Self-care management of COPD patients in the pandemic process and associated factors

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetursadipscingelitr, sed diam nonumyeirmodThis research was conducted as a cross-sectional study during the COVID-19 epidemic process to determine the self-care management of COPD patients and associated factors. The study was conducted between July 2020 and April 2021 with 173 patient diagnosed with COPD in the services of two public hospitals and two chest diseases hospitals in Istanbul. Sociodemographic characteristics and disease information form, Self Care Management Scale (SCMP-G) and COPD Assessment Test (CAT) were used in chronic diseases. Descriptive statistical analyzes (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation), Student-t test, One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to evaluate the data. The average age of the COPD patients participating in the study was 49.20 ± 10.25, 59% of them were male, 30.6% were primary school graduates, 53.2% were married, and 61.8% had moderate income. The duration of the diagnosis of COPD of the patients was 10.33 ± 6.96 years, the number of hospitalizations due to COPD was 3.92 ± 2.66, and the average number of emergency visits for COPD was 1.48 ± 0.61. It was determined that 17.9% of COPD patients had COVID-19 . CAT score average of COPD patients is 26.51 ± 4.12, Self-Care Management Scale in Chronic Diseases Self-protection sub-score average 66.63 ± 5.39, Social Protection sub-score average 17.12 ± 5.48 and Chronic The total average of the Care Management Scale was found to be 52.61 ± 14.00. In the study, the CAT score average is 65 years old, low-level patients, married patients, large family and fragmented family structure, those who don't work, living in the village, having a mental illness, having a pneumococcus vaccine, having a COVID-19 , Patients with non-COPD chronic disease, no pandemic health check, no physical activity, 4-5 hours sleep, sleep problems were found to be higher (p<0,05). In the study, it was observed that the Social Protection subscale mean score was higher in patients aged 65 and over, and the average score for the Personal Protection subscale was lower than the patients aged 65 and under. Secondary, high school, and university graduate COPD patients were found to have higher Self-Protection sub-dimensions than illiterate patients. The Social Protection subscale mean scores of illiterate patients were found to be higher than other patients. Small family-type COPD patients had higher mean scores on the Self-Protection subscale than other patients. It was observed that the Self Protection subscale mean score of the patients who spent most of their lives in the city was higher than the other patients. The Social Protection subscale mean score of COPD patients who received pneumococcal vaccine was higher than those who did not receive the pneumococcal vaccine. The Self Protection subscale mean scores of the patients who went to hospital control in the pandemic were found to be higher. The Personal Protection subscale mean scores and Social Protection subscale mean scores of physically active patients were found to be lower than those who did not. It was observed that the average Social Protection sub-dimension score of the patients who sleep 4-5 hours a day is higher than the patients who sleep 7-8 hours. It was observed that the Social Protection subscale mean score of the patients who quit smoking and never smoked was higher than that of the smokers. It was determined that as the COPD stage of the patients increased, the CAT score increased. Negative very weak relationship between CAT and Self Protection subscale, positive weak relation between Social Protection subscale Negative very weak correlation between CAT and Self Protection subscale, positive weak relation found between Social Protection subscale. According to the results of multiple regression analysis in the study, the age of the patient, health control status in the pandemic and family disease management type were determined the important determinants of the Self-Protection sub-dimension (R² = 0.152, p <0.001). In the pandemic, those in the nuclear family structure and those who go to health check are more likely to protect themselves. As the patient's age increases, his self-protection decreases. According to the multiple regression analysis results; CAT score, health control status in pandemic, smoking and non-COPD status were determined as important determinants of the Social Protection sub-dimension of diseaseself-care management (R² = 0.226, p <0.001). Social protection is higher for those who come to health check-ups in the pandemic, those with severe COPD, and for chronic COPD patients. Smokers have lower social security. According to the results of multiple regression analysis, it was determined that health control and CAT score are important determinants of chronic disease self-care management in the pandemic (R² = 0.080, p <0.001). The disease self-care management of those who go to health check-ups in the pandemic and those with high severity of COPD is higher. Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, COPD, Self-Maintenance Management in Chronic diseases, COPD Assessment Test